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Chirbury (pronounced ) is a village in west Shropshire, England. It is situated in the Vale of Montgomery,〔(The Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust ) Vale of Montgomery〕 close to the Wales–England border ( at its nearest), which is to its north, west and south. The A490 and B4386 routes cross at Chirbury. It is the largest settlement in the Chirbury with Brompton civil parish, which according to the 2001 census had a population of 914,〔(United Kingdom Census 2001 ) Chirbury ward〕 with the resident population of Chirbury at 348. The population of the civil parish had increased to 971 at the 2011 census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Civil Parish population 2011 )〕 ==History== The placename was recorded in 915 as ''Ċyriċbyrig'' in the ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'', and as ''Ċireberie'' in the Domesday Book of 1086, and means "the fort with a church".〔(Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust )〕 Its Welsh name, ''Llanffynhonwen'', means "the church of the white well" or "...of the holy well". Some French linguists have theorised that the name of Chirbury shares a common etymology with the city of Cherbourg (''Chiersburg'', ''Chierisburch'' around 1070, ''Chirburg'' 1377, ''Chirburgh'' 14th century). The 8th century Offa's Dyke runs to the west of the village, and marked the frontier of the Mercian kingdom, and even today a lengthy section of the dyke to the southwest of the village forms the English border with Wales. An Anglo-Saxon fort, built in 915 by Ethelfleda, Lady of the Mercians, was located just outside the village on what is now the Montgomery Road; the field the earthworks are in has long been called Castle Field or King's Orchard.〔Raven, M ''A Guide To Shropshire'' (2005) p 50〕 Chirbury was once a hundred, formed out of an earlier, and larger, hundred (of which Chirbury was the chief settlement)〔(MELOCKI ) Chirbury〕 called Witentreu〔 or Wittery〔(Open Domesday ) Wittery hundred〕 (a placename that continues to this day in Whittery Wood, near to the village) which included places now in Wales. Later Chirbury was a rural district (from 1894 to 1934) — the Chirbury Rural District.〔(Vision of Britain ) Chirbury〕 The hundred included a detached township near Clun — Guilden Down.〔(GENUKI ) Shropshire hundreds〕 In 1987 the parishes of Chirbury and Brompton and Rhiston merged to form the present-day civil parish of Chirbury with Brompton.〔(South Shropshire Parishes Order 1987 )〕 Historically Cherbury was the more usual spelling of Chirbury. Mitchell's Fold and Hoarstones stone circles lie within the parish. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chirbury」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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